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Scarabaeidae
スカラベ・カブトムシ科は、コウチュウ目に属する甲虫のグループである。世界中に分布し、熱帯雨林から砂漠まで様々な環境に生息する。世界中で30,000種以上の種類が知られており、甲虫類の中でも最も数が多いグループのひとつである。
Family Scarabaeidae Latreille, 1802
Subfamily Chironinae Blanchard, 1845
Subfamily Aegialiinae Laporte, 1840Tribe Aegialiini Laporte, 1840
- Tribe Saprinianini Nikolajev, 2011
Subfamily Eremazinae Stebnicka, 1977Tribe Eremazini Stebnicka, 1977
Subfamily Aphodiinae Leach, 1815Tribe Aphodiini Leach, 1815
- Tribe Corythoderini Schmidt, 1910
- Tribe Eupariini A. Schmidt, 1910
- Tribe Hornietiini Minkina, 2020
- Tribe Odochilini Rakovič, 1987
- Tribe Odontolochini Stebnicka & Howden, 1996
- Tribe Psammodiini Mulsant, 1842
- Tribe Rhyparini A. Schmidt, 1910
- Tribe Stereomerini Howden & Storey, 1992
- Tribe Termitoderini Tangelder & Krikken, 1982
Subfamily Aulonocneminae A. Janssens, 1946
Subfamily Termitotroginae Wasmann, 1918
Subfamily Scarabaeinae Latreille, 1802
- Tribe Ateuchini Perty, 1830
- Tribe Byrrhidiini Davis et al., 2019
- Tribe Coprini Leach, 1815
- Tribe Deltochilini Lacordaire, 1855
- Tribe Dichotomiini Pereira, 1954 P
- Tribe Endroedyolini Davis et al., 2019
- Tribe Epactoidini Rossini et al., 2022
- Tribe Epilissini van Lansberge, 1875
- Tribe Epirinini van Lansberge, 1875
- Tribe Eucraniini Burmeister, 1873
- Tribe Eurysternini Vulcano et al., 1961 H
- Tribe Gymnopleurini Streubel, 1846
- Tribe Odontolomini Davis et al., 2019
- Tribe Oniticellini Kolbe, 1905 6060
- Tribe Onitini Laporte, 1840
- Tribe Onthophagini Streubel, 1846
- Tribe Parachoriini Tarasov, 2017
- Tribe Phanaeini Hope, 1838
- Tribe Scarabaeini Latreille, 1802
- Tribe Sisyphini Mulsant, 1842
Subfamily Dynamopodinae Arrow, 1911 6161
- Tribe Dynamopodini Arrow, 1911
- Tribe Thinorycterini Semenov-Tjan-Shansky & Reichardt, 1925
Subfamily Phaenomeridinae Erichson, 1847
Subfamily Orphninae Erichson, 1847Tribe Aegidiini Paulian, 1984
- Tribe Orphnini Erichson, 1847
Subfamily Allidiostomatinae Arrow, 1940
Subfamily Aclopinae Blanchard, 1850
- Tribe Aclopini Blanchard, 1850
- Tribe Phaenognathini Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1977
Subfamily Melolonthinae Leach, 1819
- Tribe Acomini Evans & Smith, 2020
- Tribe Ardellini Paulsen, 2021
- Tribe Athliini Smith & Evans, 2018
- Tribe Chasmatopterini Lacordaire, 1855
- Tribe Chnaunanthini Evans & Smith, 2020
- Tribe Colymbomorphini Blanchard, 1850
- Tribe Comophini Britton, 1978
- Tribe Dichelonychini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Diphycerini S.I. Medvedev, 1952
- Tribe Diplotaxini W. Kirby, 1837
- Tribe Euchirini Hope, 1841
- Tribe Heptophyllini S.I. Medvedev, 1951
- Tribe Hopliini Latreille, 1829
- Tribe Langbianellini Prokofiev, 2015
- Tribe Leucopholini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Lichniini Burmeister, 1844
- Tribe Macrodactylini W. Kirby, 1837
- Tribe Melolonthini Leach, 1819
- Tribe Pachypodini Erichson, 1840
- Tribe Pachytrichini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Phobetusini Evans & Smith, 2020
- Tribe Phyllotocidiini Britton, 1957
- Tribe Rhizotrogini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Schizonychini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Systellopini Sharp, 1877
- Tribe Tanyproctini Erichson, 1847
- Tribe Warwickiini Evans & Smith, 2020
Subfamily Sericinae W. Kirby, 1837
- Tribe Ablaberini Blanchard, 1850
- Tribe Diphucephalini Laporte, 1840
- Tribe Sericini W. Kirby, 1837
Subfamily Sericoidinae Erichson, 1847
- Tribe Automoliini Britton, 1978
- Tribe Heteronychini Lacordaire, 1855
- Tribe Liparetrini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Maechidiini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Phyllotocini Burmeister, 1855
- Tribe Scitalini Britton, 1957
- Tribe Sericoidini Erichson, 1847
Subfamily Oncerinae J.L. LeConte, 1861
Subfamily Podolasiinae Howden, 1997
Subfamily Rutelinae W.S. MacLeay, 1819
- Tribe Adoretini Burmeister, 1844
- Tribe Alvarengiini Frey, 1975
- Tribe Anatistini Lacordaire, 1855
- Tribe Anomalini Streubel, 1839 [NP]
- Tribe Anoplognathini W.S. MacLeay, 1819
- Tribe Geniatini Burmeister, 1844
- Tribe Rutelini W.S. MacLeay, 1819
Subfamily Dynastinae W.S. MacLeay, 1819
- Tribe Agaocephalini Burmeister, 1847
- Tribe Cyclocephalini Laporte, 1840
- Tribe Dynastini W.S. MacLeay, 1819 6969
- Tribe Hexodontini Lacordaire, 1855
- Tribe Oryctini Mulsant, 1842
- Tribe Oryctoderini Endrödi, 1966
- Tribe Pentodontini Mulsant, 1842
- Tribe Phileurini Burmeister, 1847
Subfamily Cetoniinae Leach, 1815 7070
- Tribe Cetoniini Leach, 1815
- Tribe Cremastocheilini Burmeister & Schaum, 1841
- Tribe Cryptodontini Lacordaire, 1855 H
- Tribe Diplognathini Burmeister, 1842
- Tribe Goliathini Latreille, 1829
- Tribe Gymnetini W. Kirby, 1827
- Tribe Incini Burmeister, 1842
- Tribe Osmodermatini Schenkling, 1922
- Tribe Phaedimini Schoch, 1894 H
- Tribe Platygeniini Krikken, 1984
- Tribe Schizorhinini Burmeister, 1842
- Tribe Stenotarsiini Kraatz, 1880
- Tribe Taenioderini Mikšić, 1976
- Tribe Trichiini Fleming, 1821
- Tribe Valgini Mulsant, 1842
- Tribe Xiphoscelidini Burmeister, 1842
スカラベ科で最もよく知られているのはカブトムシ（Dynastinae亜科）で、頭部や胸部に特徴的な角のようなものが生えていることで有名である。
コガネムシ科は生態学的に重要であり、その理由は多くの種が有機物の分解者として機能しているからである。特に糞虫は、動物の糞を丸めて巣穴に運ぶことで有名である。こうして栄養分を再利用し、土壌の肥沃度を維持するのに役立っている。また、一部の糞虫は文化的にも重要視されている。たとえば、地中海地方に生息する神聖なコガネムシ（Scarabaeus sacer）は、古代エジプトでは再生と復活の象徴として崇められていた。
